Baltimore Teachers Unseat Incumbents, Who Demand a Do-Over
What happens when new leaders run for office and beat an eight-term incumbent? In the Baltimore Teachers Union, it seems, the incumbent tries for a second bite at the apple.
A slate called “The Union We Deserve,” backed by two rank-and-file caucuses, ran for office this spring. Its platform was to open the union up to its own members and join with parents to fight for fully funded public schools.
To the surprise of many, the challengers won the union presidency as well as the 19 executive board seats for teachers. The incumbents held onto the 20 paraprofessional seats, producing a split board.
Newly elected President Diamonté Brown of the Baltimore Movement of Rank-and-File Educators (BMORE) and the other newly elected officers got the keys and are working out of the union hall. But a week after her victory was announced, Brown received a letter stating that a new election had been ordered.
The incumbent president, Marietta English, had alleged that the challengers violated election rules in the teacher unit only, and said she would appeal. The elections committee—whose members were all appointed by English—threw out the results and ordered a new election, only for the presidency and teacher unit seats.
In the letter, the elections committee did not announce any specific charges. It did not explain what violations it judged to have interfered enough to sway the outcome. Nor did the committee give the Union We Deserve candidates any opportunity to see or respond to any charges leveled against them.
The charges mentioned in Baltimore Sun coverage on Facebook include commonplace organizing practices such as campaigning on school property and visiting members at home.
The allegations also include election procedure problems that only the incumbents would be responsible for, like the fact that one of the polling sites never opened.
HURDLES TO DEMOCRACY
Is all this legal? In the private sector, the federal Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act establishes some basic rights for union members in internal elections, including due process.
Public school teachers and school employees are covered instead by state law, which often follows the standards set out in the LMRDA.
The winning slate has asked the national union, the American Federation of Teachers, to intervene to conduct an investigation into the decision to overturn the election. AFT President Randi Weingarten announced that the union will investigate.
The caucuses are circulating a demanding that the election results be allowed to stand. AFT members are signing a solidarity petition as well.
With one interruption, the Baltimore Teachers Union has had the same president for 20 years. Contested elections have been few.
The activists said their campaign ran into hurdles. The vote was held in person, and at only at a small number of locations—not at every school. The voting window was shorter than in previous elections; polls closed at 5:30 p.m. instead of 7 p.m. Unlike in previous elections, members weren’t allowed to request absentee ballots, even if they had a school field trip or illness.
These barriers to voting were consistent with BMORE’s overall assessment of how the union has been run: with no transparency, no clear procedures, and as a consequence, low member participation.
Reformers Win in Denver and Nashville
Inspired by the caucus that leads the Chicago Teachers Union, more and more rank-and-file teacher groups are challenging incumbent officers.
In Denver this month, riding the momentum from a February strike, challenger Tiffany Choi of the Caucus of Today’s Teachers won the presidency of the Denver Teachers Union by 16 votes, although the election outcome is being contested.
Choi ran on a platform of involving rank-and-file members in organizing alongside parents and community allies to fight privatization, over-testing, and corporate-style school reform.
Meanwhile in Nashville, Amanda Kail, a leader in the city’s Red4Ed movement, defeated a 12-year incumbent to win leadership of the Metropolitan Nashville Education Association.
Teachers there won a 10 percent raise from the school board, but are now organizing protests and sick-outs after the mayor refused to sign off on it.
REELECTED IN CHICAGO
And in Chicago, the Caucus of Rank-and-file Educators (CORE) retained leadership of the union, defeating the recently formed Members First caucus by a decisive 2 to 1 tally.
CORE has led the union since 2010. Under its leadership, Chicago teachers built to a massive 2012 strike that was a turning point for teachers nationally.
Members First criticized CORE for its big-picture embrace of social justice issues and community alliances, vowing instead to focus narrowly on wages, benefits, and contract enforcement.
CORE leaders campaigned on staying the course. The caucus pledged to involve members, alongside community allies, in the upcoming contract campaign, and to make big funding demands for smaller class sizes and more student support.
“We have to be political,” said Andrea Parker, who was on the winning slate as elementary vice president. She said CORE couldn’t let the opposition frame the choice as members versus students.
“We are putting members first when we talk about things like affordable housing and keeping our kids safe.”
The contract expires June 30; the union held its first big contract rally May 22.
“Our campaign was focused on going around being present [in schools],” said newly elected middle school Vice President Zach Taylor. “We campaigned on transparency, becoming a high-participation union with true member voice.”
Barbara Harvey, a labor lawyer who specializes in internal union election law, said the decision to rerun the election denied the winning slate basic due process, which includes the right to “an opportunity to see the charges, respond to the charges, present evidence, and hear and rebut the evidence of the opposing party,” she said.
“It is not unusual for incumbent candidates who are in trouble politically to overstep the limits on their powers in a desperate attempt to win,” Harvey said.
An investigation would have to prove that the Union We Deserve team committed the violations and benefited enough to affect the election outcome.
“If these are the protests filed by the losing slate [complaining of their own conduct], they are admitting their own misconduct,” Harvey said. “If you are the violator, you don’t get the opportunity to accuse yourself of wrongdoing and get a new election.
“If you are the victim of unlawful election misconduct that you or your slate did not cause, that is when the law allows for a rerun.”
A BIGGER VISION
BMORE formed in 2017 when educator activists, inspired by strikes and campaigns in Chicago, St. Paul, and other teacher union locals, wanted to get involved in their union to take on school underfunding and racial disparities in Baltimore.
BMORE has been active in the United Caucuses of Rank-and-File Educators, a network of teacher locals and caucuses around the U.S. that are pushing for more democratic unions and fights for more school funding, more resources for students, and smaller class sizes, as exemplified by this year’s teacher strike in Los Angeles.
Taylor said the union in Baltimore has been too narrowly focused on wages and benefits. The newly elected team wants to fight for more staff and resources in schools. “Our teachers are the front line,” he said. “We are trying to have as many resources available as we can.”
Even before they ran for office, BMORE teachers started doing the work of the union. The caucus has organized a Black Lives Matter week of action for two years running. It helped form the Black Teacher Recruitment and Retention Working Group with the district.
Capitols Rocked
The teacher strike wave slowed as the school year wrapped up. But big crowds of teachers flooded state capitals in California, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Oregon, South Carolina, and Wisconsin in May to demand increased funding for public schools.
In South Carolina, 10,000 educators marched to the capital May 1.
“People are tired of writing our legislators,” said Greenville teacher Lisa Ackerman. “I’ve found people are so ready to fight the fight.” After May 1, the largest teacher rally in state history, she said, “I came back to school with a lot more energy to fight for my kids.”
In Oregon, 600 schools closed—including the entire school district of Portland, the state’s largest—as teachers took off work to rally in Salem, the state capital, for smaller class sizes and more support staff.
In California’s Bay Area, 600 teachers in the New Haven Unified School District, which includes Union City and Hayward, went on strike May 20 for the first time in their union’s history.
Los Angeles teachers, who struck in January, helped elect Jackie Goldberg to the school board, restoring a majority that’s union-friendly and pro-public schools. The previous school board, with a pro-charter majority, had hired an investment banker as superintendent.
Thousands of California teachers headed to Sacramento on May 22 to demand that the legislature close corporate and real estate tax loopholes and regulate and slow the growth of charter schools.
During an extreme cold snap last winter, Baltimore schools were without heat, sparking public outrage. BMORE started a petition and delivered 1,500 signatures to the district with a set of demands to address not only the lack of heat, but also the overall state of school buildings. That spurred the district to immediately make the necessary repairs to turn the heat back on.
The activists found union officers uninterested in changing the status quo or opening up closed-door meetings. So BMORE teamed up with another group, the Caucus of Educators for Democracy and Equity, to run for top positions in the union.
CEDE’s Facebook page had become a place for members to ask for help on contract violations and workplace problems. Caucus members would help each other and share information.
“Most of the people we ran with have already been vocal,” said Brown, the newly elected president. “There’s a trust factor when we say, ‘We are going to do this,’ because we’ve already been doing it—just not as union leadership.”
Samantha Winslow is co-director of Labor Notes.samantha@labornotes.org
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